Elevator control system

ABSTRACT

A system for controlling the braking force applied to an elevator car driven by an A.C. motor in which means for controlling the cut-off position of the elevator car driving motor from the power supply depending on the load of the elevator car are provided so as to ensure accurate arrival of the elevator car at a desired target floor and a comfortable sense of ride under every condition of the load. The elevator control system is advantageous over prior art systems of this kind in that the capacity of the motor can be reduced and a better sense of ride can be obtained.

' United Statesv Patent [191 Kameyama et al.

[ 5] Nov. 11, 1975 Foreign Application Priority Data Jan. 24, 1973 Japan 48-9541 US. Cl 187/29 R Int. Cl. B6613 l/32 Field of Search 187/29; 318/362, 363, 364,

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 7/1946 Santini et al 187/29 PHASE SHIF'TER SPEED PATTERN DETECTOR Primary Eruminer-Robert K. Schaefer Assistant Examiner-W. E. Duncanson. Jr. Attorney, Agent. or FirmCraig & Antonelli 5 7 1 ABSTRACT A system for controlling the braking force applied to an elevator car driven by an AC. motor in which means for controlling the cut-off position of the elevator car driving motor from the power supply depending on the load of the elevator car are provided so as to ensure accurate arrival of the elevator car at a desired target floor and a comfortable sense of ride under every condition of the load. The elevator control system is advantageous over prior art systems of this kind in that the capacity of the motor can be reduced and a better sense of ride can be obtained.

15 Claims, 13 Drawing Figures DEAD 20M: cleoulr-v U.S. Patent Nov. 11,1975 Sheet-1of8 3,918,552

F I G. g rYq I u 9 P VG r-Y w AT S5 YB SR sPEED SCR- DETECTOR :4; T

PHASE SHIFTER d2 l -6 DEAD ZONE CIRCUIT 4- SPEED PATTERN 8 Y GENERATOR AND RELAY POSITION RELAY DETECTOR i A T 3 X DECELERATIO STARTING U.S. Patent ..Nov. 11,1975 Sheet2of8 3,918,552

FIG.2

LIGHT LOQD PI VS HEAVY LOAD Vp VOLTAGE t: ta TIME Low- ROTATING SPEED HIGH HIGH SLIP -Low g II\ 0 I. SEEM HOMO 205mg FIG.40

TIME t r l I I I I I I I I I I l|| )l All FIG. 4b

TIME t FIG.5

TIME

U.S. Patent Npv.l1, 1975 Sheet5of8 3,918,552

TIME LIGHT LOAD H HEAVY US. Patent -N0v. 11,1975 Sheet6of8 3,918,552

1 -6 DEAD ZONE CIRCUIT AND RELAY SPEED PATTERN GENERATOR Pgsmou RELAY 0 TECJOR- S5. 1.

U.S. Patent N v. 1.1, 1975 Sheet 7 of8 3,918,552

FIG. I0 (I KY0 Q1 N V ak 2 T if 1 555522 I J 1 B )6 Yl if PHASE v V SHIFTER iz i-;, -6 DEAD ZONE CIRCUIT SPEED PATTERN "4 8 Y GENERATOR I AND RELAY gE cEL RATloAl AR me POSITION RELAY .DETECTOR US. Patent Nov. 11,1975 Sheet 8 of8 3,918,552

TIME t tltzta Inllllu TIME t ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM This invention relates to a system for controlling an elevator car driven by an A.C. motor. and more particularly to improvements in a deceleration control system for an elevator car in which negative feedback control is employed for controlling the braking force for stopping the elevator car at a desired target floor.

An elevator car driven an A.C. motor is generally controlled in "such a manner that the A.C. motor does not generate anydriving force during application of the brake and the braking force issolely utilized to stop the elevator carat a desired target floor position, since this manner of control is advantageous for the simplification and reduction in the costsof the elevator system. The load of an elevator car varies greatly depending on time. More precisely, the motor driving the elevator car operates in a heavy loaded state during a certain period of time as when theelevator car carrying no passengers moves downward or when the elevator car full loaded with passengers moves upward. During another period of time, the motor driving the elevator car operates in a no-loaded state as. when the elevator car carrying no passengers moves.upward or when theelevator car full loaded with passengers moves downward. The moving speed of the elevator car is slow in the former case and the load of the motor assists in applying the braking force to the elevator ear compared with. the latter case.

In prior art control systems of this kind. the distance between the point of cutting off themotor-from the power supply and the desired stopping point has been fixed at a predetermined value irrespective of whether the motor operates under a heavy load or no load. Therefore. the prior art control systems have been defective in that a very large variation occurs in the moving speed of the elevator car beingdeceleratedthereby giving rise to a very uncomfortable sense of ride and a very large braking force is required when the motor is operating in a no-loaded state. The prior art control systems have also been defective in that the moving speed of the elevator car may not attain the predetermined speed value and the elevator car may stop at a position above ,or below the desired target floor position when the motor is operating in a heavy loaded state. Hitherto, it has been attempted to. solve such a problem byv increasing the capacity of the motor or increasing the inertia of the driving side. 7

It is therefore an object of the present'invention to provided an impr oved elevator control system which provides a braking characteristic giving a comfortable sense of ride. I I

Another object of the present invention is to provide an elevator control system which ensur es satisfactory performance in spite of the fact that the capacity ofeleva tor car driving means is relatively small. 7

.According to the present invention, 'the load of a motor driving an elevator car is detected. and the distance between the position at which application of the brakeis started (the position of cutting off the motor from the power supply) and the stopping position of the elevator car is varied depending on the load. The elevator caris required to stop exactly at the desired :target floor position. Therefore. in order to exactly stop the elevator car at the desired target floor -posit ion, the load of the motor driving the elevator car is detected tochange the brake application starting position on the basis of the detected load.

A first signal is generated from means which provides a deceleration pattern so as to stop the elevator car sufficiently smoothly at the desired target floor position even when the motor is in a no-loaded state. and application of the brake is started in suitably delayed relation from the point of appearance of the first signal depending on the load so as to ensure a desirable braking characteristic free from load variations.

Other objects. features and advantages ofthe present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. in which: 7

.FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the elevator control system according to thepresent invention; 7

FIG. 2 shows the waveform of a voltage signal generated from the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 shown in. FIG. 1;

FIG. 3is a graphic representation of the relation between the torque and the speed when deceleration of the elevator car is started under a heavy load;

FIG. 4a is a graphic representation of variations of deceleration in response to the application ofthc brake in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. I; r

FIG. 4b is a graphic representation of variations of deceleration in response to the application of the brake in a priorart system.

FIG. .5 shows-the control characteristic of the first embodiment of the present invention compared with that of the prior art system;.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;v

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a practical structure of the comparator in thesystem shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 shows the period of time between the deceleration starting time I, and the brake application starting time r relative to the motor load in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 6;.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention;

ment of the presentinvention; and

FIGS. 11a and 111; show other voltage signal waveforms preferably employed in the present invention.

Referring to FIG. I, an induction motor 7 for driving an elevator car is, connected to a three-phase A.C. power supply 1 through relay contacts Y of a relay Y. A resistor 9 is shorted by a relay contact X of a relay X. The input terminals V and W of the induction motor 7 are further connected to the three-phase A.C. power supply 1 throughrelay contacts Y,, of the relay Y and a braking rectifier 2 which is composed of a pair of thyristors SCR and a pair of diodes SR. The angular velocity of the rotating induction motor 7 is detected by a speed detector 5 which is mechanically coupled to the induction motor 7. The output V, ofthe speed detector 5 is compared with the output V ofa speed pattern instruction signal generator 4, and the error signal V,- obtained by comparing these signals V and V, with each otheris applied to a phase shifter 12 which controls the thyristors SCR in the rectifier 2. The negative feedback control is such that the direct current supplied to the induction motor 7 is increased to increase the braking force when the rotating speed of the motor 7 is high, while this current is decreased to decrease the braking force when the rotating speed of the motor 7 is low. The error signal V is also applied to a circuit 6 having r 3 a dead zone characteristiuand this dead zone circuit 6 operates when the error signal V,- is greater than the opcrating voltage level V thereof. During deceleration of the elevator car. the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 generates a voltage signal instructing the deceleration pattern for the elevator car in response to the application of a signal from a deceleration starting position detector 3. The relay X is deenergized by the signal applied from the deceleration starting position detector 3. and the contact X ofthe relay X is opened.

AnAND gate Sis actuated when both the output ofthe dead zone circuit 6 and the output ofthe detector 3'are applied therct0.'ancl the relay Y is deenergized by the output of the AND gate 8. The elevator car deceleration pattern signal generated from the speed pattern in struction signal generator 4 has a voltage waveform as shown in'FlG. 2. i

The operation of the control system shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The operation of the induction motor 7, phase shifter 12 and rectifier 2 for DC. braking, and deceleration starting. position detector 3 is described in detail in US. Pat. application Ser. No. 364.494 and correspnding British Patent Application No. 25060/73 (Inventors: Nobuo Mitsui. Tadao Kameyama. Akinori Watanabe, Isao Fukushima and Takanobu Hatakeyama) filed on May 29. 1973 and May 25. 1973 respectively. However. the motor in the present invention is in no way limited to that disclosed in the'said applications.

Suppose now that the relay Y is in the energized state and the contacts Y,, thereof are in the closed position. ln this case. the relay X is also in the energized state and the contact X thereof is closed to short the resistor 9. The induction motor 7 is rotating in one direction and the elevator car is moving toward the desired target floor. The motor 7 operates under a heavy load or no load depending on the moving direction of the elevator car and the load carried by the elevator car. In the state in which the motor load is heavy. the rotating speed of the motor7 is low and the output of the'speed detector is also low. Conversely. in the state in which the motor load is nearly equal to no load. the rotating speed of the motor 7 is high and the output ofthe speed detector 5 is also high. When the elevator car moving toward the targetfloor reaches a position which is distant from the target floor by a predetermined value. a signal appears from the deceleration starting position detector 3 to actuate the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 and'the relay X'is deenergized. Assume that the signal appears from the deceleration starting position detector 3 at time t in FIG. 2 and that the motor 7 is no-loaded or nearly no-loaded. In this case. thespeed of the elevator car is high and the output of the speed detectors is also high. At time 1 (deceleration starting point) in FIG. 2, the output V 'of the speed detector 5 is higher than the output V. of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4. Therefore, the braking force must be increased to decelerate the elevator car according to the deceleration pattern output of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 in order to stop the elevator car at the desired target floor.

Conversely, when the motor 7 is heavy loaded as when the total weight of the elevator car moving upward while carrying passengers is heavier than the counterweight or when the total weight of the elevator car moving downward while carrying passengers is lighter than the counterweight, the elevator car moves at a constant low speed and the output V of the speed detector 5 is lower than the output V,- ofthe speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 at time l In such a case, the elevator car may stop at a position above or below the'target floor position due to the braking effect ofthc motor load when the motor 7 is cut off from the power supply 1 at this time 1,. In the present embodiment. in order to ensure accurate arrival of the elevator car at the target floor, the heavy loaded motor 7 is cut off from'the power supply 1 when the output V,, of the speed detector 5 is increased up to a level which is higher by a predetermined value or setting V than the output V of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4.

Referring to FIG. I, the outputs V,, and V. of the speed detector 5 and speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 respectively are applied to a comparing point at which V, is compared with V, to give an error signal V,. and this error signal V isapplied to the dead zone circuit 6 which is set to operate when the input thereto exceeds the operating voltage level V, thereof. In the state in which the induction motor 7 is nearly noloaded, the error signal V,- is greater than the operating voltage setting V, and an output appears from the dead zone circuit 6 to be applied to the AND gate 8. Since the output signal of the deceleration starting position detector 3 has already been applied to the AND gate 8, an output appears from the AND gate 8 to be applied to the relay Y. The relay Y is deenergized with the result that the contacts Y disposed in the current path between the motor 7 and the power supply I are opened, and the contacts Y disposed in the current path between the rectifier 2 and the motor 7 are closed.

The error signal V,- obtained by comparing the output V of the speed detector 5 with the output V. of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 is also applied to the phase shifter 12 which acts to control the firing angle of the thyristors SCR in the rectifier 2 depending on the level of the error signal V,- thereby controlling the value of direct current used for braking. Thus; the rotating speed of the motor 7 mechanically coupled to the elevator car can be reduced to conform to the speed pattern signal generated from the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4. The relay X is also deenergized by the output of the deceleration starting position detector 3 and the contact X,, thereof is opened'Howe ver, this relay X does not substantially participate in the operation of the system in the noloaded state of the motor 7 due to the fact that the relays X and Y are substantially simultaneously deenergized. v

In the state in which the motor 7 is heavy loaded, that is, when the elevator car moves downward without any load or when the elevator car moves upward with the full load. the rotating speed of the motor 7 is low and the output V,, of the speed detector 5 is less than the sum of V, and V as described previously. In this state. 'no output appears from the dead zone circuit 6. Suppose now that the deceleration starting position detector 3 operates at time t, in FIG. 2, then the speed pat- .tern instruction signal generator 4 generates a voltage signal which decrease with time according to a deceleration pattern as shown in FIG. 2. The power supply voltage is continuously supplied to the motor 7. At the time at which the relation V. V V is attained, an

output appears from the dead zone circuit 6 and an output appears from the AND gate 8 to deenergize the relay Y. The contacts Y,, of the relay Y are opened and the contacts Y,, are closed to start application of the brake. On the other hand. the relay X is deenergized at time r in response to the application ol'the output from the deceleration starting position detector 3 and the contact X thereofis opened. Due to theopening ofthe contact X the resistor 9 interposed between the power supply 1 and the motor 7 becomes active toreduce the motor torque to, for example, such a torque value which is substantially intermediate between the torque value developed by the motor 7 when the full voltage is applied thereto and the torque value devel-' oped by the motor 7 when no voltage is applied thereto. Such intermediate torque appears between time t and time t in FIG. 2. After time 1 no voltage is applied to the motor 7 during the period of time corresponding to the difference between the operating time of the quick responsive contacts Y,, and slow responsive contacts Y,, of the relay Y, and then the braking action takes place.

FIG. 3 shows the relation between the torque and the speed when the deceleration is started 'in the state in which the motor 7 is heavy loaded. The curve D represents the torque-speed characteristic when the full voltage is supplied to the induction motor '7, the curve E the torque-speed characteristic when the resistor 9 is activated, and the curve F the torque-speed characteristic when the brake is applied to the induction motor 7. The rotating speed increases with the decrease of the slip S toward zero and decreases with the increase of the slip S toward unity.

Suppose that a point p on the torque-speed characteristic curve D represents the operating point of the motor 7 when the motor 7 is operating in the steady state. When now the relay X is deenergized at time 1,

due to the operation of the deceleration starting position detector 3, the operating point of the motor '7 shifts from the point p on the curve D to a'point q on the curve E due to the fact that the resistor 9 interposed between the motor 7 and the power supply 1 becomes active. Thereafter, the torque increases along the curve E with the reduction of the rotating speed of the motor 7 and the operating point shifts from q to r at time 1 At.

time t the relay Y is deenergized to cut off the motor 7 from the power'supply l. The operating point shifts from r to u. and with the further reduction of the rotating speed. theoperating point shifts from u to w on the curve F when the application of the brake is started. Thereafter. the rotating speed of the motor 7 is controlled by the feedback of the speed. When the period of time of from t, to I is suitably selected. the vibration due to the variation of the torque at time I, and the vibration due to the variation of the torque attime 1 can'- cel each other so that a substantially vibration-free braking effect can be obtained. In order to attain such braking effect, the period of time of from I to 1 is preferably selected to be equal to one-fourth of the period of the natural vibration of the elevator system. The natural frequency of the elevator car is variable depending on the length of the rope by which the elevator car is suspended. The natural frequency of commonly presently employed elevator cars is of the order of Sto 2 Hz. Therefore, good results can be obtained when the period of time of from t, to r is selected to lie within the range of from 50 ms to 150 ms. This period of time of from t to L is determined by the setting V ofthe.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. I. the resistor 9 is activated at time I, and the rotating speed of the motor 7 is reduced during the period of from time I to time 1 at which the application of the brake is started. Thus. the 'shockcan be alleviated in the initial stage of application of the brake.

FIG. 4a shows the rate of variation of deceleration during application of the brake in the system of the present invention shown in FIG. 1. while FIG. 4b shows that in the'priorartsystem. It will be seen that the variation in FIG. 4a is less than that in FIG. 4b. and therefore. passengersin the elevator car feel a better sense of ride.

FIG. 5 shows the distance which the decelerated elevator car runs with inertia in the state in which the motor 7 is heavy loaded. The dotted line A or bu represents the manner of deceleration of the elevator car in the case in which the resistor 9 is activated between time 1 and time t to provide a shock alleviating period as-above described. The solid line B or an, represents the manner of. .deceleration of the elevator car in the case in which the motor 7 is cut off from the power supply l as soon as the deceleration starting position de tector 3 is placed in operation. During the period of time of from t, toutthe rotating speed of the motor 7 is reduced slowly due to the shock alleviating effect of the resistor 9. In the case in which the rotating speed of the motor 7isreduced along the line ab and then the line A or M the distance which the decelerated elevator car starts to run with inertia after the operation of the deceleration starting position detector 3 is represented by the area of the trapezium abut On the other hand. in the case in which the rotating speed of the motor 7 is reduced along the line B or am. the distance which the decelerated elevator car starts to run with inertia simultaneously with theoperation of the deceleration starting position detector 3 is represented by the area of the triangle at;; 1 It will therefore be seen that the distance which the decelerated elevator car runs with inertia in-the former case is longer than that in the latter case bythe area of the tetragon (1 )[413- Thus. the deceleration control of the elevator car can be achieved with an allowance which corresponds tothe difference above described.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention and like r'eference numerals are used therein to denote like parts appearing in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 6, a comparator 101 includes a pair of inverters l0 and ll. The'outputs V and V of a speed detector 5 and a speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 respectively are compared with each other after being inverted by'the inverters l0 and 11 so that the polarity of the input V to a phase shifter 12 is opposite to that of the input V to a dead zone circuit 6 having a dead zone characteristic. The technical effect of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. However. this second embodiment is advantageous in that the input V to the dead zone circuit 6 can be derived without being interfered by the input V to the phase shifter 12 due to the fact that the output V,, of the speed detector 5 is compared with the output V,. of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 by comparing means which are arranged as shown. FIG. 7 shows one practical form of the comparator 101 shown in FIG. 6. Referring to FIG. 7, resistors (R R R R and R constitute a bridge circuit to which the output V of the speed detector 5 and the output V of the speed pattern instruction sig- 7 nal generator 4 are applied. A pair of terminals I02 and 103 are connected to the phase shifter 12. and another pair of terminals I and 106 are connected tothe dead zone circuit 6.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the period of time T between time t, (at which deceleration of the elevator car is started) and time (at which application of the brake is started) may be set to vary depending on the load as shown by the solid linea in FIG.

8. Practically. this period of time T may be shortest inthe vicinity of an intermediate load and may be successively increased toward a heavier load as shown in FIG. 8. Further. this period of time T may be delayed by T relative to the line a in a heavy load range as shown by the dotted line b in FIG. 8. That is. a better effect can be obtained in a heavy load range by delaying the speed pattern output of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 by T. The load of the motor 7 is heavy when the result of comparison between the output,V

of.the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 and the output V,, of the speed detector 5 gives a negative value. Therefore. when V; is negative. the output of the deceleration starting position detector 3 may heapplied through a suitable delay means to the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4, so that the brake can be applied according to a braking characteristic as shown by the dotted line b in FIG. 8.

Referring to FIG. 11a, the deceleration starting position detector 3 operates at time and the output voltage of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4 starts to decrease at time 1 which is delayed from time t by r corresponding to T shown in FIG. 8. Thus. the period of time between time 1 and time t at which application of the brake is started is longer by I than the corresponding period of time shown in FIG. 2. By suitably selecting this delay time t. the notch change-over time during deceleration. that is. the period of time of from I, to 1;, can be easily set at the optimum value. In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, difficulty may be encountered in obtaining proper timing for deceleration due to the fact that determination of the deceleration pattern or determination of the inclination is restricted from. for example. the sense of ride. Such difficulty can be eliminated by suitably adjusting t in FIG. llu corresponding to T in FIG. 8. Therefore, undesirable vibrations giving an uncomfortable sense of ride can be reduced and the deceleration control can be attained with a sufficient margin.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Actually. this embodiment is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. I and means is provided so as to vary the output voltage of the speed detector 5 for obtaining a delay time I as shown in FIG. llb. Such a delay time I may also be obtained by varying the output voltage of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4. Referring to FIG. 9, a resistor 14 is inserted in the output circuit of the speed detector 5 to reduce the output voltage ofthe speed detector 5 for obtaining the delay time t.

FIG. shows another embodiment of the present invention and is actually another modification of the embodimentshown in FIG. I for obtaining thesame effeet as that described with reference to FIG. 9. Referring to FIG. 10, a current transformer 15 and a converter' 16 are additionally provided so that the current input to the motor 7 can be compared with the output ofthe speed pattern instruction signal generator t. The current input-to the motor 7 under 'a heavy load is large 8 compared with that under a light load. and this current input is larger during accelerationthan that during steady state operation. On the other hand. the current in the line connected to the terminal W is large compared with that in the line connected to the terminal V due to the presence of the resistor 9 in the latter line. Thus. the same effect as that described with reference to FIG; 9 can be obtained when the current output of the current transformer 15 is applied to the comparing point through the converter 16 to be compared with the output of the speed pattern instruction signal generator 4. This embodiment can operate with high precision compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 due to the fact that the detectedvalue varies greatly depending on the load. hence the S/N ratio is large.

What we claim is:

I. A system for controlling the braking force applied to an elevator car comprising a motor for driving the elevator car, means for detecting the speed of the elevator car. means for detecting the deceleration starting position for the elevator car. circuit breaking means for cutting off said driving motor from the power supply, means for generating a braking pattern signal for applying the braking force to the elevator car in response to the application of. the output of said deceleration starting position detecting means. and means for comparing the output of said braking pattern signal generating plying the braking force to the elevator car can be.

started with a suitable delay time depending on the load of said motor after the appearance of the output from;-

said deceleration starting position detecting means.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for delaying the initiation of the operation of said circuit breaking means and said means applying the braking force to the elevator car comprises means for detecting the load of said motor.

1 3. A system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising means for reducing the torque generated by said motor, said torque reducing means being adapted to operate in response to the appearance of the output from said deceleration starting position detecting means.

4. A system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said means including said motor load detecting means for delaying the initiation of the operation of said circuit breaking means and said means applying the braking force to the elevator car comprises a dead zone circuit from which an output appears to actuate said circuit breaking means. when the difference between the output of said elevator car speed detecting means and the output of said braking pattern signal generating means exceeds a predetermined setting of said dead zone circuit.

5. A system as claimed inclaim 2. wherein motor current-detecting means for detecting the load. of said. motor and a dead zonecircuit are further provided so that said circuit breaking means can be actuated by the output of said dead zone circuit when the difference between the output of said motor current detecting means and the output of said braking pattern signal generating means exceeds a predetermined setting of said-dead zone circuit. 1 I

A system as claimed in claim 4, further comprising means for reducing the torque generated by said motor,

said motor torque reducing means beingadapted to op- 9 crate in response to the appearance of the output from said deceleration starting position detecting means.

7. A system as claimed in claim 5, further comprising means for reducing the torque generated by said motor, said motor torque reducing means being adapted to operate in response to the appearance of the output from said deceleration starting position detecting means.

8. A system as claimed in claim 6, wherein a relay is actuated by the output of said dead zone circuit, and said braking force applying means comprises rectifier means for supplying D.C. braking current to said motor and a phase shifter for controlling said rectifier means, said relay having first contacts disposed between said motor and the power supply and second contacts disposed between said rectifier means and said motor so that said first and second contacts can be opened and closed respectively in response to the appearance of the output from said dead zone circuit.

9. A system as claimed in claim 7, wherein a relay is actuated by the output of said dead zone circuit, and said braking force applying means comprises rectifier means for supplying D.C. braking current to said motor and a phase shifter for controlling said rectifier means. said relay having first contacts disposed between said motor and the power supply and second contacts disposed between said rectifier means and said motor so that said first and second contacts can be opened and closed respectively in response to the appearance of the output from said dead zone circuit.

10. A system for controlling the braking force applied to an elevator car comprising a motor for driving an elevator car;

first means for detecting the speed of the elevator car and issuing a first output signal representative thereof; second means for detecting a deceleration starting position for the elevator car and issuing a second output signal when the elevator car reaches a position distant from a target floor by a predetermined value; circuit breaking means for cutting off power applied to terminals of said motor from a power supply;

third means. responsive to said second output signal, for issuing a braking pattern signal representing a predetermined deceleration pattern for the elevator car;

fourth means for controlling the braking force applied to the elevator car in response to the difference between said first output signal and said brak ing pattern signal; and

fifth means for delaying by predetermined times depending on the load of said motor the initiation of the operations of said circuit breaking means and said fourth means with respect to the issuance of said second output signal, said fifth means including dead zone circuit means for generating an output permitting said circuit breaking means to be actuated during a period of time when the value of the difference between said first output signal and said braking pattern signal exceeds a predetermined setting of said dead zone circuit means.

11. A system as claimed in claim 10, further comprising means, responsive to the appearance of said second output signal, for reducing the torque generated by said motor.

12. A system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said circuit breaking means comprises first relay means disposed between said motor and the power supply. said first relay means having contacts which are opened in response to the concurrence of said second signal and said output of said dead zone circuit means; and said fourth means includes rectifier means for supplying D.C. braking current to said motor. phase shifter means for controlling said rectifier means. and second relay means disposed between said rectifier means and said motor. said second relay means having contacts which are closed in response to the concurrence of said second signal and said output of said dead zone circuit means.

13. A system for controlling the braking force applied to an elevator car comprising;

a motor for driving an elevator car;

first means for detecting the speed of the elevator car and issuing a first output signal representative thereof; second means for detecting a deceleration starting position for the elevator car and issuing a second output signal when the elevator car reaches a position distant from a target floor by a predetermined value; circuit breaking means for cutting off power applied to terminals of said motor from a power supply;

third means. responsive to said second output signal for issuing a braking pattern signal representing a predetermined deceleration pattern for the elevator car;

fourth means for controlling the braking force applied to the elevator car in reponse to the difference between said first output signal and said braking pattern signal; and

fifth means for delaying by predetermined times depending on the load of said motor the initiation of the operations of said circuit breaking means and said fourth means with respect to the issuance of said second output signal, said fifth means including sixth means for detecting current of said motor to indicate the load thereof. said sixth means having an output representative thereof, and

dead zone circuit means for generating an output permitting said circuit breaking means to be actuated during a period of time when the value of the difference between the output of said sixth means and said braking pattern signal exceeds a predetermined setting of said dead zone circuit means.

l4. A system as claimed in claim 13, further comprising means, responsive to the appearance of said second output signal, for reducing the torque generated by said motor.

15. A system as claimed in claim l4, wherein said circuit breaking means comprises first relay means disposed between said motor and the power supply, said first relay means having contacts which are opened in response to the concurrence of said second signal and said output of said dead zone circuit means; and said fourth means includes rectifier means for supplying D.C. braking current to said motor, phase shifter means for controlling said rectifier means. and second relay means disposed between said rectifier means and said motor, said second relay means having contacts which are closed in response to the concurrence of said second signal and said output of said dead zone circuit means. 

1. A system for controlling the braking force applied to an elevator car comprising a motor for driving the elevator car, means for detecting the speed of the elevator car, means for detecting the deceleration starting position for the elevator car, circuit breaking means for cutting off said driving motor from the power supply, means for generating a braking pattern signal for applying the braking force to the elevator car in response to the application of the output of said deceleration starting position detecting means, and means for comparing the output of said braking pattern signal generating means with the output of said speed detecting means thereby controlling the braking force applied to the elevator car, wherein means are provided so that the operation of said circuit breaking means and said means applying the braking force to the elevator car can be started with a suitable delay time depending on the load of said motor after the appearance of the output from said deceleration starting position detecting means.
 2. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for delaying the initiation of the operation of said circuit breaking means and said means applying the braking force to the elevator car comprises means for detecting the load of said motor.
 3. A system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising means for reducing the torque generated by said motor, said torque reducing means being adapted to operate in response to the appearance of the output from said deceleration starting position detecting means.
 4. A system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said means including said motor load detecting means for delaying the initiation of the operation of said circuit breaking means and said means applying the braking force to the elevator car comprises a dead zone circuit from which an output appears to actuate said circuit breaking means, when the difference between the output of said elevator car speed detecting means and the output of said braking pattern signal generating means exceeds a predetermined setting of said dead zone circuit.
 5. A system as claimed in claim 2, wherein motor current detecting means for detecting the load of said motor and a dead zone circuit are further provided so that said circuit breaking means can be actuated by the output of said dead zone circuit when the difference between the output of said motor current detecting means and the output of said braking pattern signal generating means exceeds a predetermined setting of said dead zone circuit.
 6. A system as claimed in claim 4, further comprising means for reducing the torque generated by said motor, said motor torque reducing means being adapted to operate in response to the appearance of the output from said deceleration starting position detecting means.
 7. A system as claimed in claim 5, further comprising means for reducing the torque generated by said motor, said motor torque reducing means being adapted to operate in response to the appearance of the output from said deceleration starting position detecting means.
 8. A system as claimed in claim 6, wherein a relay is actuated by the output of said dead zone circuit, and said braking force applying means comprises rectifier means for supplying D.C. braking current to said motor and a phase shifter for controlling said rectifier means, said relay having first contacts disposed between said motor and the power supply and second contacts disposed between said rectifier means and said motor so that said first and second contacts can be opened and closed respectively in response to the appearance of the output from said dead zone circuit.
 9. A system as claimed in claim 7, wherein a relay is actuated by the output of said dead zone circuit, and said braking force applying means comprises rectifier means for supplying D.C. braking current to said motor and a phase shifter for controlling said rectifier means, said relay having first contacts disposed between said motor and the power supply and second contacts disposed between said rectifier means and said motor so that said first and second contacts can be opened and closed respectively in response to the appearance of the output from said dead zone circuit.
 10. A system for controlling the braking force applied to an elevator car comprising a motor for driving an elevator car; first means for detecting the speed of the elevator car and issuing a first output signal representative thereof; second means for detecting a deceleration starting position for the elevator car and issuing a second output signal when the elevator car reaches a position distant from a target floor by a predetermined value; circuit breaking means for cutting off power applied to terminals of said motor from a power supply; third means, responsive to said second output signal, for issuing a braking pattern signal representing a predetermined deceleration pattern for the elevator car; fourth means for controlling the braking force applied to the elevator car in response to the difference between said first output signal and said braking pattern signal; and fifth means for delaying by predetermined times depending on the load of said motor the initiation of the operations of said circuit breaking means and said fourth means with respect to the issuance of said second output signal, said fifth means including dead zone circuit means for generating an output permitting said circuit breaking means to be actuated during a period of time when the value of the difference between said first output signal and said braking pattern signal exceeds a predetermined setting of said dead zone circuit means.
 11. A system as claimed in claim 10, further comprising means, responsive to the appearance of said second output signal, for reducing the torque generated by said motor.
 12. A system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said circuit breaking means comprises first relay means disposed between said motor and the power supply, said first relay means having contacts which are opened in response to the concurrence of said second signal and said output of said dead zone circuit means; and said fourth means includes rectifier means for supplying D.C. braking current to said motor, phase shifter means for controlling said rectifier means, and second relay means disposed between said rectifier means and said motor, said second relay means having contacts which are closed in response to the concurrence of said second signal and said output of said dead zone circuit means.
 13. A system for controlling the braking force applied to an elevator car comprising; a motor for driving an elevator car; first means for detecting the speed of the elevator car and issuing a first output signal representative thereof; second means for detecting a deceleration starting position for the elevator car and issuing a second output signal when the elevator car reaches a position distant from a target floor by a predetermined value; circuit breaking means for cutting off power applied to terminals of said motor from a power supply; third means, responsive to said second output signal, for issuing a braking pattern signal representing a predetermined deceleration pattern for the elevator car; fourth means for controlling the braking force applied to the elevator car in reponse to the difference between said first output signal and said braking pattern signal; and fifth means for delaying by predetermined times depending on the load of said motor the initIation of the operations of said circuit breaking means and said fourth means with respect to the issuance of said second output signal, said fifth means including sixth means for detecting current of said motor to indicate the load thereof, said sixth means having an output representative thereof, and dead zone circuit means for generating an output permitting said circuit breaking means to be actuated during a period of time when the value of the difference between the output of said sixth means and said braking pattern signal exceeds a predetermined setting of said dead zone circuit means.
 14. A system as claimed in claim 13, further comprising means, responsive to the appearance of said second output signal, for reducing the torque generated by said motor.
 15. A system as claimed in claim 14, wherein said circuit breaking means comprises first relay means disposed between said motor and the power supply, said first relay means having contacts which are opened in response to the concurrence of said second signal and said output of said dead zone circuit means; and said fourth means includes rectifier means for supplying D.C. braking current to said motor, phase shifter means for controlling said rectifier means, and second relay means disposed between said rectifier means and said motor, said second relay means having contacts which are closed in response to the concurrence of said second signal and said output of said dead zone circuit means. 